Foundry craft is one of the oldest types of metal processing. Archaeologists have found information that foundry craft reached a high level in ancient cultural centers as early as five thousand years BC. At that time, various decorations, dishes and individual elements of tools were cast. In ancient times, foundry workers were highly valued and respected. But did artistic casting hold a special place in the foundry craft? examples of which can be seen by link .
Nowadays, the world produces about 90 million tons of various types of castings per year. The most common types of artistic casting are:
• By gasified models .
• In the chill mold .
• Kaslinskoe .
• Under pressure .
Gasified casting technology allows you to get an exact copy of the cast material from the investment model. In terms of costs, this method can be compared with casting into the ground. The gasified casting process dates back to the 1950s. The main goal was to achieve an exact replica of the cast material, but at the same time to reduce the cost of equipment and materials.
Gasified die casting has many advantages.
1. Reducing the number of technological operations.
2. Reducing equipment costs.
3. Reducing the number of finishing operations for castings.
4. Minimal waste.
5. Reduction of labor costs by about 3 times.
6. Reducing electricity consumption by 3 times.
7. Significant reduction in the cost of various auxiliary materials up to 5 times.
The most important factor in the gasified casting chain is considered to be molding. Molding is filling a mold with sand. But it has 2 difficulties. First, if the walls of the mold are too thin, the uneven filling of the mold with sand can deform it. Secondly, if the sand does not fill all the parts of the cast mold and there is free space, then the metal during pouring can damage the wall of the stick coating and go into the sand.
Chill mold is a reusable demountable mold that can withstand up to 10 thousand fillings. Cast iron, steel, brass, copper, magnesium and aluminum alloys are cast in chill molds. The wall thickness of the castings is approximately 5 mm. This type of artistic casting is used in serial metallurgical production. Basically, blocks, pistons, heads, cylinders and other parts are made by casting in a chill mold.
Kasli castings are art items made of cast iron in the form of sculptures. Kaslinskoye is very famous. The most important thing in casting is the combination of individual details, energetic play of highlights and graphic clarity of silhouettes. A huge collection of Kaslinsky castings can be seen in the Museum of Fine Arts of the city of Yekaterinburg.
Injection molding is a technological process by which plastic molds are filled by injection under pressure. As a result, the form is cooled.
