Currently, there is not a single branch of industry, in the equipment of which, the parts obtained in the foundry would not be used. Its volume is increasing every year. Together with it, modern casting technologies appear, suitable for new materials. Accuracy of obtaining parts is becoming more stringent, the problems of creating environmentally friendly automated production are being solved. High-speed computer programs are being introduced at all stages of route technology operating in modern factories. The craftsmanship of making cast products, known since ancient times, and came to us from China, India, Greece, Rome, has its own traditions in the vastness of the Russian state. Having begun its history in 1479 with a "cannon hut" built in Moscow and representing the first foundry, it now has a large number of huge foundries.
Casting methods
Currently, the choice of the casting method is determined by the requirements for the product specified in the design documentation. The most common are the following types of casting.
1. Casting into the ground. A relatively simple and economical method that allows you to make a part of any size. It is widely used in automobile and machine tool industry. The size can be of any size, which is important when creating platforms for machine tools, turbine housing, etc.
2. Casting into a special mold.
3. Injection molding. It is especially important for obtaining parts used in precision instrument making, as well as the existence of increased requirements for wear resistance and tightness. The ability to adjust the pressure during casting allows you to get parts with a minimum surface roughness and do not require further machining.
4. Centrifugal casting. The rotation of the molds during filling with the alloy creates conditions for the formation of a high density of metal without air pockets. This method is used to make bushings, drums, rotors.
5.Vacuum filling. It is used to create especially durable parts from refractory materials, such as titanium, steel. With such casting, the content of unwanted gases in the melt is reduced. Titanium parts are essential for the space industry.
Metals and alloys used in casting
The modern level of production owns the technology of leaves of any metals and alloys. The main point in the manufacture of parts from them is the knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of materials and alloys, called casting properties. The main ones are the melting point and its fluidity.
1.Cast irons. This is one of the first materials known since the 15th century. As early as 1445, pipes were made from it, and in 1469 the first weights for scales. Modern
