Recently, a lot of attention has been paid to the problems of procurement of ferrous scrap in Russia at various levels. This is due to the following factors:
a) Recycling vtormet is of great environmental and economic importance.
b) The existing scrap metal processing capacity in Russia is almost 2 times higher than the existing scrap collection capacity.
c) According to forecasts of most analysts, in the next few years there will be a tendency for a constant rise in prices for ferrous scrap , in the world metal rolling markets.
d) Russia has a huge potential for the development of this market segment.
e) Today, there is a gradual development of mini-metallurgy in the country. By the way, the share of such mini-enterprises worldwide accounts for almost a third of all steel production.
In addition to the economic component, the procurement and processing of ferrous scrap provides a number of other advantages:
- improvement of the general ecological situation in the regions and in the whole country;
- significant reduction of loads on metal deposits in the territory of the Russian Federation;
- global reduction of sputtering and dispersal of metals and their waste;
- efficient use of scrap metal can significantly reduce the amount of fuel consumed used to obtain metals by standard methods.
Accepted classification of ferrous scrap
In industry and the national economy, the classification of ferrous scrap is carried out in accordance with GOST 278-86 and GOST 2787-75, according to which it is divided into 2 main types - steel and cast iron. The first has a carbon content of less than 2% and the second more than 2%. Then they are subdivided according to the content of alloying elements. Also, the division of scrap metal into classes is made according to the following conditions:
- scrap generation;
- the main areas where it can be further used in metallurgy;
- characteristics of ferrous scrap, as required for its preparation.
- its dimensions, weight, dimensions, wall thickness.
According to these parameters, the following classes of scrap metal are distinguished: steel scrap - 3A; 5A; 12A; pig iron scrap - 17A; 19A; 20A; 22A;
In addition, the current standards regulate the presentation of the scrap metal. It can be directly scrap, shavings, bags, briquettes, charge ingots, etc.
