The purpose of mechanical gearboxes (reduce) is to decrease, decrease the rotation speed with an increase in the torque between the actuator and the motor.
The main, more common type of mechanical gearboxes is a worm gearbox, i.e. with worm gear. Used in various types of mechanisms, this type of gearbox has many features.
Features of Worm Gear Reducers
The basis of this gearbox is gear-screw elements - worm gears, which do not differ from a conventional gear wheel and screws - trapezoidal worms made of alloy steel. Variations of worm gearboxes and the number of threaded channels depend on the number of starts of the worm - one-, two-, four-way.
The worm gear and propeller are made from different materials to ensure efficiency in applications requiring high torque but low angular velocity. The worm is the main link of the unit, and the wheel transmits a signal to the gear that rotates the shaft at the output. In this case, the transmission has an irreversible process as a result of self-braking and the presence of negative inertia. This ensures the transition of high torque to low torque.
So, worm gearboxes can be single or multiple.
The thread of the gearbox can be right-handed or left-handed.
The shape of the screw can be cylindrical or globoid.
The thread profile is involute, convolute (with an elongated or shortened involute), or Archimedes (with an Archimedean spiral).
The profile of the teeth is subdivided into concave, with rotating rollers, straight.
Wheels are divided into the following types - the wheel itself, a sector with teeth, a degenerate sector.
The advantages of such a geared motor are the presence of a self-braking effect, smooth running, reduced noise of the device's actions, a small number of parts involved in the transfer process.
Disadvantages of worm gear motors
It is possible to transfer power no more than 100 kW, due to increased wear and low efficiency. But this disadvantage can be corrected through correct assembly and periodic verification of the device's tuning accuracy.
Also, additional mechanisms are required to remove heat to reduce the heating level of the gearbox.
When selecting gearboxes, their differences are taken into account, which are mainly reduced to the differences between worms and gears, from which this worm gearbox is assembled.
