The fire alarm is designed to detect and alert a fire. The system consists of three main components: control panel, alarm control panel and sensor.
Fire alarm: what is it?
Fire alarms presents is a special system consisting of several installations that are installed at one facility and are designed to detect the source of fire, process it and further alert about the fire to the control point. The system must also include fire extinguishing equipment.
The system can be installed at various sites, including private houses and apartments. However, the installation of an alarm is mandatory in institutions where a fire can lead to massive injuries or deaths.
The main components of the system
A fire alarm has three main components:
- The central point through which the entire fire system is monitored and controlled. Made in the form of a control panel installed on the main computer of the security post. For normal operation, a special program is installed on the computer;
- Reception and control device, with the help of which the collection and processing of the received information is carried out. All data on the device comes from sensors and after processing is transferred to the central point;
- Fire alarm sensors and detectors. It is with the help of these devices that a response to the appearance of fire foci occurs. Sensors transmit information to the control panel.
Types of fire systems
The fire alarm system is divided into various types. Depending on the principle of loop control, the equipment is divided into:
- Threshold.
- Address-polling.
- Analog addressable.
The systems can use different types of sensors, which differ in the principle of detecting fire sources. They are divided into:
- Smoke. Reacts to the appearance of smoke. They are distinguished by their efficiency, early warning;
- Thermal. They signal a fire when the air temperature rises. The disadvantage is that the temperature rises when the fire has already broken out. Therefore, such sensors are less efficient;
- Flame detectors. Reacts to the appearance of a flame. Such detectors are used at facilities where the installation of smoke or heat detectors is impractical (in industries where the temperature and smoky air are constantly elevated).
Some fire alarms can combine different types of detectors.
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